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Chemistry - Organic Chemistry (Form V & VI)

English chemistry form5 form6 organic alkane alkene alcohol polymer advanced
Muhtasari / Summary: Alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, acids, esterification, and polymers.
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Organic chemistry studies carbon compounds. Hydrocarbons contain only C and H. Alkanes (CₙH₂ₙ₊₂) – saturated, single bonds, e.g. methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆). Alkenes (CₙH₂ₙ) – unsaturated, one double bond, e.g. ethene (C₂H₄) – decolourises bromine water. Alcohols: –OH group, e.g. ethanol (C₂H₅OH). Carboxylic acids: –COOH group, e.g. ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH). Esterification: alcohol + acid → ester + water (pleasant smell). Polymers: long chains of monomers (e.g. polythene).

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